Development and Validation of Dynamic RMS Models for Power System Analysis

Submitted on 6 Feb 2026

Abstract

The increasing integration of converter-based renewable
energy sources is reducing the inertia of power systems
and amplifying transient oscillations following disturbances. As a
result, the accuracy of dynamic simulation models of generating
units has become essential for reliable assessment of system
transient stability. This paper presents a validation procedure
for an root-mean-square dynamic model of Unit D of the
Zakuˇcac hydropower plant, based on measurements obtained
from a phasor measurement unit during and after a real system
disturbance. The validation process includes preparation of measurement
data, alignment of the static model with steady-state
measurements, and detailed tuning of dynamic model parameters.
The achieved results demonstrate a high level of agreement
between simulated and measured responses. In addition, the
paper highlights the importance of standardizing requirements
for the submission of simulation models, as accurate modeling of
individual generating facilities directly enhances the credibility
of system-level analyses and supports secure and stable power
system operation under increasing system complexity.