Lightning impulse modeling and simulation of dry-type and oil-immersed power- and distribution transformers

Abstract

This paper presents in detail numerical methods and techniques for lightning impulse (LI) modeling and simulation of power and distribution transformers. The modeling methods are based on equivalent circuits of transformer winding entities resulting from the initial winding discretization determined by the required accuracy. The parameters of the equivalent circuit such as resistances and self- and mutual capacitances and inductances are obtained from field simulations (FEM). The circuit equations of the transformer’s equivalent circuit written in the state space form yield a large system of differential equations that is solved in time-domain by using the standard Runge-Kutta numerical integration technique. The obtained solution represents the voltage distribution over the winding in each moment of the LI-time (50μs). The results verification by comparison against measurements is presented in detail.